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Mastering ‘bei’: A Guide for German Learners

This is the fourth in a series of posts in which I look at prepositions and other small confusing words.

Other guides in this series:
auf
an
zu

These tiny but important words often cause problems for learners. This is because they rarely correspond one-to-one between languages.

In each post, I will choose a preposition or small word and look at all of its common meanings and uses in detail.

If you don’t understand anything on this page, feel free to ask in the Discord and I will be happy to answer your questions. 🙂

General Tip for Prepositions
Never learn a single translation for a preposition. Don’t assume it’s used in the same way as it is in your native language. Instead, learn the preposition in contexts and understand the actual meaning it conveys in that specific context. Over time you will develop an intuitive feeling for what the preposition means more generally.

Bleib dabei!

Today I want to look at the word bei in detail. This word has various functions and sometimes confuses learners.

bei is usually translated to English as “at”, but this is a very approximate translation, and you should be aware that this doesn’t cover all of the meanings. Translating it literally in all contexts will cause you major problems.

bei is always used with the dative case

We’re very lucky with the word bei! Unlike some words like auf and an where the case you use depends on whether there is movement, bei always uses the dative case!

Make sure to practise the way bei changes nouns and pronouns so that you know the right form instinctively. I found it helpful to repeat them to myself throughout the day: “bei mir, bei dir, bei ihm, bei ihr” and so on.

Here’s a reminder of how bei changes different nouns and pronouns into the dative case.

Definite Articles (der words)

gendernominative formzu + dativemeaning
m.der Bahnhofbeim Bahnhof
(bei + dem)
at the station
f.die Bäckereibei der Bäckereiat the bakery
n.das Autobeim Auto
(bei + dem)
at the car
pl.die Bäumebei den Bäumen
(don’t forget to add an -n in dative plural)
at the trees
I wrote an article all about words like zum/zur/beim (my most popular article!)

Indefinite Articles (ein words)

gendernominative formzu + dativemeaning
m.ein Supermarktbei einem Supermarktat a supermarket
f.eine Tankstellebei einer Tankstelleat a service station
n.ein Straßenfestbei einem Straßenfestat a street festival
pl.Städtebei Städten
(don’t forget to add an -n in dative plural)
when it comes to cities
Notice the ein words are very similar the der words (der/das > dem, ein > einem, die > der, eine > einer)

Pronouns

gendernomacc
(just a
reminder)
bei + dativemeaning
ichmichbei mirat mine / with me
dudichbei dirat yours / with you
m.erihnbei ihmat his / with him
f.siesiebei ihrat hers / with her
n.esesbei ihmat it / with it
wirunsbei unsat ours / with us
pl.siesiebei ihnenat theirs / with them
SieSiebei Ihnenat yours / with you (formal)
ihreuchbei euchat you guys’ / with you guys (pl.)

Just remember that bei always goes with the dative case, as shown in the table. You will never ever ever EVER see things like bei dich, bei ihn, bei die, bei eine.

Now let’s look at the actual meanings of this little word.

The Meanings of bei

bei can be used to specify a location, usually translated in English as at.

bei can be used to indicate that something happens “at someone’s place”. This usually means at someone’s home, but could also mean in a specific area at another location, contrasting it with other areas at the same location. For example “in our classroom” (as opposed to in the classroom of another class), or an office on the second floor (as opposed to the office on the third floor).

It’s sometimes expanded to provide additional information, for example bei uns im Büro, bei dir zu Hause, bei euch im zweiten Stock.

bei can be used to specify that something is a certain way for a specific person, in their experience.

bei can be used to specify an activity happening while something else happens.

bei can indicate a condition or event under which something else happens.

bei can indicate the cause or reason for something, very similar to the meaning above.

bei can indicate where somebody works or has a role.

bei can indicate that someone has something on them, in the sense of carrying something when out and about.

bei is often used to add information to verbs, usually in the context of participating in something, or going to someone to say or do something positive.

Tip: Make sure not to confuse prepositions (ich entschuldige mich bei dir) with the separating part of separable verbs (ich bringe dir Deutsch bei), as they have different functions!

Not technically a preposition but I’ve included it for completeness.

bei is sometimes part of a separable verb. It modifies the verb and often adds the meaning of adding, joining, assisting, or bringing something to a situation. This is just a general rule, however. It’s best to learn the meaning of separable verbs with examples. So here we go!

bei can be used to indicate support or participation at an event or activity.

bei can be used in mathematical or statistical contexts when specifiying a number, often on a “sliding scale” between two related variables.

If you would like help with any of this then feel free to get in touch on Discord!